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| Name: | custard |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Custard refers to a number of culinary preparations involving whipped and cooked milk, sugar and egg yolk mixtures. Custards are typically very rich and thick and have many uses in desserts. Custard bases may also be used for quiches and other savoury foods. As a dessert, it is made from a combination of milk or cream, egg yolks, sugar, and vanilla. Sometimes flour, corn starch, or gelatin is added.
Custard is usually cooked in a double boiler (bain-marie) or microwave, or heated very gently in a saucepan on a stove, though custard can also be steamed, baked in the oven with or without a hot water bath, or even cooked in a pressure cooker. Custard preparation is a delicate operation, because a temperature increase of 5–10 °F (3-6 °C) leads to overcooking and curdling. Generally, a fully-cooked custard should not exceed 80°C; it begins setting at 70°C.[1] A water bath slows heat transfer and makes it easier to remove the custard from the oven before it curdles.[2] Depending on how much egg or thickener is used, custard may vary in consistency from a thin pouring sauce (crème anglaise), to a thick pastry cream used to fill éclairs. Custard is an important part of dessert recipes from many countries. |
| Name: | scones |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | The scone is a small British quick bread (or cake if recipe includes sugar) of Scottish origin. Scones are especially popular in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and the United States, but are eaten in many other countries. They are usually made of wheat, barley or oatmeal, with baking powder as a leavening agent. The scone is a basic component of the cream tea or Devonshire tea.
The pronunciation of the word across the United Kingdom varies. According to one academic study, two-thirds of the British population pronounce it /ˈskɒn/, rhyming with "con" and "John", with the preference rising to 99% in the Scottish population. The rest pronounce it /ˈskoʊn/, rhyming with "cone" and "Joan". British dictionaries usually show the "con" form as the preferred pronunciation, while recognizing that the "cone" form also exists.[1] The word scone derives perhaps from the Middle Dutch schoonbrood (fine white bread), from schoon (pure, clean) and brood (bread).[2] The Oxford English Dictionary reports that the first mention of the word was in 1513. The original scone was round and flat, usually the size of a small plate. It was made with unleavened oats and baked on a griddle (or girdle, in the Scots language), then cut into triangle-like quadrants for serving. Today, many would call the large round cake a bannock, and call the quadrants scones. In Scotland, the words are often used interchangeably.[3] When baking powder became available to the masses, scones began to be the oven-baked, well-leavened items we know today.[4] Modern scones are widely available in British bakeries, grocery stores, and supermarkets. A 2005 market report estimated the UK scone market to be worth £64m, showing a 9% increase over the previous five years. The increase is partly due to an increasing consumer preference for impulse and convenience foods.[5] Scones sold commercially are usually round in shape, although some cheaper brands are hexagonal as this shape minimises wasteage of dough. When prepared at home, they take various shapes including triangles, rounds and squares.[6][7] The baking of scones at home is often closely tied to heritage baking. They tend to be made from family recipes rather than recipe books, since it is often a family member who holds the "best" and most treasured recipe.[8] |
| Name: | chocolate teacakes |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | In the United Kingdom this confection is known as a chocolate teacake,[2] although a teacake in England is usually a sweet bread roll with dried fruit which is served toasted and buttered. The best known manufacturer of the teacake in the UK is Tunnock's, a Scottish company founded in 1890.[3] The Tunnock's teacake is commonly regarded in the same food category as the British biscuit, eaten at break times with a cup of tea as shown in advertising for the product.[4] The argument about whether the teacake is a biscuit or a cake led to an action in the European Court of Justice by British company Marks and Spencer who argued that it had wrongly been classed as a biscuit and taxed by the UK government as such. The European court ruled that the Teacake was not, in fact, a biscuit but a cake and as such Marks and Spencer have begun a legal battle in the UK to retrieve the taxes paid which could amount to as much as 3.5 million UK pounds sterling ($7 million).[5][6]
The Tunnock's Teacake enjoys iconic status in Scotland,[7] evoking memories of childhood,[8] or symbolizing "home" for Scots around the world.[4] The Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service gives Blood donors in Scotland Tunnock's Teacakes after giving blood,[9] There is an online appreciation society for the Tunnock's Teacake[10] and Dundee University also has an appreciation society for the Tunnocks Teacake.[3] A giant fully-edible replica of a Tunnocks Teacake was made by Michelle Kershaw and Nick Dodds at Pimp That Snack.[11] The product itself consists of a small round shortbread base covered with a hemisphere of a whipped egg white concoction similar to marshmallow. As the soft white fondant is based on egg-white rather than gelatine it is therefore much more delicate than marshmallow.[12] This is then coated in a thin layer of milk or plain chocolate and, in the case of Tunnock's, wrapped in a distinctive red and silver foil paper for the more popular milk chocolate variety, and a blue and gold wrapping for the plain chocolate type. |
| Name: | high fructose corn syrup |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) – called isoglucose,[1] maize syrup, or glucose-fructose syrup[2][3] in the UK, and glucose/fructose[4] in Canada – comprises any of a group of corn syrups that has undergone enzymatic processing to convert its glucose into fructose and has then been mixed with pure corn syrup (100% glucose) to produce a desired sweetness. In the United States, consumer foods and products containing high-fructose corn syrup are typically using HFCS as a sugar substitute and it is ubiquitous in processed foods and beverages, including soft drinks, yogurt, industrial bread, cookies, salad dressing, and tomato soup.[5]
Critics of HFCS say it is "a toxic chemical concoction" which contributes to weight gain by affecting normal appetite functions.[6][7][8] Others dispute these claims and maintain that HFCS is comparable to table sugar. [9] Studies by The American Medical Association suggest "it appears unlikely that HFCS contributes more to obesity or other conditions than sucrose" but calls for further independent research on the subject.[10] The most widely used varieties of high-fructose corn syrup are: HFCS 55 (mostly used in soft drinks), approximately 55% fructose and 45% glucose; and HFCS 42 (used in many foods and baked goods), approximately 42% fructose and 58% glucose.[11] HFCS-90, approximately 90% fructose and 10% glucose, is used in small quantities for specialty applications, but primarily is used to blend with HFCS 42 to make HFCS 55.[12] |
| Name: | chemistry of fondant |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Poured fondant is formed by supersaturating sucrose. More sugar will dissolve in water with a higher temperature. After the sucrose is dissolved, the solution is left to cool and the sugar will remain dissolved in the supersaturated solution until nucleation occurs. If, while the solution is supersaturated, a seed crystal (undissolved sucrose) falls into the mix, or the solution is agitated the dissolved sucrose will crystallize to form large, crunchy crystals. However, if the solution is allowed to cool and then stirred vigorously it will form many tiny crystals and result in a smooth texture. It should be noted that while it is an excellent medium for decoration and sculpture, it can be very sweet. |
| Name: | reese's cups |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | During the seasons when retailers offer holiday candies, Reese's Peanut Butter Cups are offered in unique holiday-related shapes. These various shapes still offer the standard confection theme of the traditional Reese's cup (peanut butter contained in a chocolate shell). They are sold in a 6-pack packaging configuration, but are usually available as individual items as well. Recently, larger (roughly twice the size of the 6-pack item) versions of the various shapes are available at certain retailers. Exterior packaging is altered to reflect the theme of the representative holiday. [4]
Reese's Peanut Butter Hearts - Available mainly during January and February, these are heart-shaped confections representing Valentine's Day. At various retailers, an individually-packaged, larger heart is available as well. These are packaged in a red and white exterior packaging theme. Reese's Peanut Butter Eggs - Available mainly during March and April, these are egg-shaped confections representing the Christian holiday Easter. Exterior packaging is usually yellow and orange (milk chocolate), white and orange (white chocolate), or dark brown and orange (fudge-flavored chocolate). This is the only holiday-themed item available in three various chocolate varieties. A larger, individually-packaged Easter Bunny Reese's peanut butter item ,known as Reester Bunny, is available as well. Reese's Peanut Butter Pumpkins - Available mainly during September and October, these are pumpkin-shaped confections representing Halloween. The packaging is purple and orange. Reese's Peanut Butter Trees - Available mainly during November and December, these are evergreen tree-shaped confections representing the Christian holiday Christmas. At various retailers, these may be available in standard milk chocolate or white. The packaging was green, white, and orange, but has been changed to the traditional orange packaging with an evergreen tree on the cover. Reese's peanut butter footballs - Available near super bowl time about 1.5* bigger than normal cup In December 2005, it was noted that some of the holiday shaped Reese's candies (such as the Bells) contain gluten, unlike the standard peanut butter cups.[5] |
| Name: | ice cream |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | is a frozen dessert usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavours. Most varieties contain sugar, although some are made with other sweeteners. In some cases, artificial flavourings and colourings are used in addition to (or in replacement of) the natural ingredients. This mixture is stirred slowly while cooling to prevent large ice crystals from forming; the result is a smoothly textured ice cream.
The meaning of the term ice cream varies from one country to another. Terms like frozen custard, frozen yogurt, sorbet, gelato and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles. In some countries, like the USA, the term ice cream applies only to a specific variety, and their governments regulate the commercial use of all these terms based on quantities of ingredients.[2] In others, like Italy and Argentina, one word is used for all the variants. Alternatives made from soy milk, rice milk, and goat milk are available for those who are lactose intolerant or have an allergy to dairy protein, or in the case of soy and rice milk, for those who want to avoid animal products. |
| Name: | origin of lasagna |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Although the dish is generally believed to have originated in Italy, one theory is that the word "lasagna" comes from the Greek ëÜóáíá (lasana) or ëÜóáíïí (lasanon) meaning "trivet or stand for a pot", "chamber pot".[3][4][5] The Romans borrowed the word as "lasanum", in Latin, meaning "cooking pot". The Italians used the word to refer to the dish in which lasagna is made. Later the name of the food took on the name of the serving dish.
Another theory suggests that lasagna might come from Greek ëÜãáíïí (laganon), a flat sheet of pasta dough cut into strips.[6][7][8][9][10] A lasagna recipe was featured in the first cookbook ever written in England, leading to an urban legend that the dish originated in the British Isles.[11] The claim is dubious, in light of the much earlier Roman use of "lasanum".[11] |
| Name: | cheddar cheese |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Cheddar cheese has been produced since at least 1170. A pipe roll of King Henry II from that year records the purchase of 10,420 lb at a farthing per pound (£3 per ton).[4] One suggestion is that Romans brought the recipe to Britain from the Cantal region of France, where it was adapted.[5] Cheddar cheese traditionally had to be made within 30 miles (48 km) of Wells Cathedral.[1]
Central to the modernisation and standardisation of Cheddar cheese was the nineteenth century Somerset dairyman Joseph Harding.[6] For his technical developments, promotion of dairy hygiene and unremunerated propagation of modern cheese-making techniques he has been described as the father of Cheddar cheese.[7] Harding introduced new equipment into the process of cheese making, including his "revolving breaker" for curd cutting, saving much manual effort.[8][9] The "Joseph Harding method" was the first modern system for Cheddar production based upon scientific principles. Harding stated that Cheddar cheese is 'not made in the field, nor in the byre, nor even in the cow, it is made in the dairy',[10] He and his wife were behind the introduction of the cheese into Scotland and North America. Joseph Harding's son, Henry Harding, was responsible for introducing Cheddar cheese production to Australia.[11] During the Second World War most milk in Britain was used for the making of one single kind of cheese nicknamed 'Government Cheddar' as part of war economies and rationing.[12] This nearly resulted in wiping out all other cheese production in the country. Before the First World War there were more than 3,500 cheese producers in Britain, while fewer than 100 remained after the Second World War.[13] |
| Name: | jellybeans |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | are a type of confectionery that comes in many different (primarily fruit) flavors. They are small (the size of a red kidney bean or smaller) and generally have a hard candy shell and gummy interior. The confection is primarily made of sugar.
The gummy interior of the jelly bean may trace its origins back hundreds of years to Turkish Delight, while the outside shell is essentially the same as that developed in the late 17th century for Jordan Almond candies[citation needed]. The earliest known appearance of the modern jelly bean was during the American Civil War when William Schrafft of Boston promoted sending the candy to soldiers in the Union Army.[1] It was not until 1930 or so that jelly beans became an Easter candy, presumably from their resemblance to Easter eggs.[2] Their egg-like shape was then associated with the Easter Bunny, who gave out eggs on Easter. |
| Name: | cultivation of strawberries |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Strawberry cultivars vary remarkably in size, color, flavor, shape, degree of fertility, season of ripening, liability to disease and constitution of plant.[4] Some vary in foliage, and some vary materially in the relative development of their sexual organs. In most cases the flowers appear hermaphroditic in structure, but function as either male or female.[5]
For purposes of commercial production, plants are propagated from runners and generally distributed as either bare root plants or plugs. Cultivation follows one of two general models, annual plasticulture[6] or a perennial system of matted rows or mounds.[7] A small amount of strawberries are also produced in greenhouses during the off season.[8] |
| Name: | uses of strawberries |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | In addition to being consumed fresh, strawberries can be frozen, made into preserves, as well as dried and used in such things as cereal bars. Strawberries are a popular addition to dairy products, as in strawberry flavored ice cream, milkshakes, smoothies and yogurts. Strawberries and Cream is a popular dessert, famously consumed at Wimbledon. Strawberry pie is also popular.
Strawberry pigment extract can be used as a natural acid/base indicator due to the different color of the conjugate acid and conjugate base of the pigment.[22] |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | When Lois buys a brand-new king-sized bed, Hal thinks that her motive is to put more distance between them and refuses to sleep in it. Moved to tears by an opera he sees on television, Dewey is inspired to write his own operatic masterpiece, "The Marriage Bed," which is based on his parents' fight and turned into a school production. Meanwhile, Malcolm and Reese build their own street luge board; and Jamie falls head over heels for the baby girl across the street. |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | When Malcolm and his brothers destroy their Christmas tree ornaments, Lois punishes them by canceling Christmas and moves all the presents into the garage. The only way she will reinstate the holiday is if the boys behave impeccably up to Christmas morning. Her plan works better than expected, and Lois is touched that her family responded so well to her challenge. Meanwhile, the boys decide that Lois could use this tactic for future holidays and retaliate by breaking into the garage and opening up all the presents. Elsewhere, Francis is forced to visit his Grandma Ida for Christmas. |
| Name: | plants |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: |
Aristotle divided all living things between plants (which generally do not move), and animals (which often are mobile to catch their food). In Linnaeus' system, these became the Kingdoms Vegetabilia (later Metaphyta or Plantae) and Animalia (also called Metazoa). Since then, it has become clear that the Plantae as originally defined included several unrelated groups, and the fungi and several groups of algae were removed to new kingdoms. However, these are still often considered plants in many contexts, both technical and popular. |
| Name: | how they are made |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Chocolate chip cookies are commonly made with white sugar; brown sugar; flour; a small portion of salt; eggs; a leavening agent such as baking powder; a fat, typically butter or shortening; vanilla extract; and semi-sweet chocolate pieces. Some recipes also include milk or nuts (such as chopped walnuts) in the dough.
Depending on the ratio of ingredients, mixing and cooking times, some recipes are optimized to produce a softer, chewy style cookie while others will produce a crunchy/crispy style.[5] Regardless of ingredients, the procedure for making the cookie is fairly consistent in all recipes: First, the sugars and fat are creamed, usually with a wooden spoon or an electric mixer. The eggs and vanilla extract are added next followed by the flour and the leavener. Depending on the additional flavoring, its addition to the mix will be determined by the type used: peanut butter will be added with the wet ingredients while cocoa powder would be added with the dry ingredients. The titular ingredient, chocolate chips, as well as nuts are typically mixed in towards the end of the process to minimize breakage, just before the cookies are scooped and positioned on a cookie sheet. Most cookie dough is baked, although some eat the dough as is, or use it as an addition to vanilla ice cream to make chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream. |
| Name: | chocalate chip cookies |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that originated in the United States and features chocolate chips as its distinguishing ingredient. The traditional recipe combines a dough composed of butter and both brown and white sugar with semi-sweet chocolate chips. Variations include recipes with other types of chocolate or additional ingredients, such as nuts or oatmeal. |
| Name: | candy corn |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | is a confection popular in the United States and Canada, particularly in autumn around Halloween. Created in the 1880s by George Renninger of the Wunderlee Candy Company, the three colors of the candy mimic the appearance of North American corn.[1] Each piece is approximately the size of a whole kernel from a ripe or dried ear.
Candy corn is made primarily from sugar, corn syrup, artificial coloring and binders.[2] A serving size of 22 pieces contains 140 calories and no fat.[1] Candy corn pieces are traditionally cast in three colors: a broad yellow bottom, a tapered orange center, and a pointed white top. A popular variation called "Indian corn" features a chocolate brown bottom, orange center and pointed white top. In recent years confectioners have introduced additional color variations suited to other holidays, including Christmas and Easter.[1] |
| Name: | sugar cane |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Sugarcane is any of six to thirty-seven species (depending on taxonomic system) of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae). Native to warm temperate to tropical regions of Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six meters (six to nineteen feet) tall. All sugar cane species interbreed, and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids. Brazil produces about one-third of the world's sugarcane. |
| Name: | sugar cane |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Sugarcane is any of six to thirty-seven species (depending on taxonomic system) of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae). Native to warm temperate to tropical regions of Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six meters (six to nineteen feet) tall. All sugar cane species interbreed, and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids. Brazil produces about one-third of the world's sugarcane. |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Hal learns that his father has passed away, but sheds no tears and passes it off as nothing since he never knew him. So, to make sure nothing like that happens again, he lets the boys do whatever they want by letting them miss school and even offering to buy Malcolm a new car, until Lois puts a stop to it. Noticing how depressed Hal has become, his friend Abe brings George Takei over for a visit in an attempt to cheer him up. |
| Name: | honeydew |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | A honeydew has a round to slightly oval shape, typically 15–22 cm (5.9–8.7 in) long. It generally ranges in weight from 1.8 to 3.6 kg (4.0 to 7.9 lb). The flesh is pale green in color, while the smooth peel ranges from greenish to yellow. Like most fruit, honeydew has seeds. Honeydew's thick, juicy, sweet flesh is often eaten for dessert, and is commonly found in supermarkets across the world. This fruit grows best in semiarid climates and is harvested based on maturity, not size. Maturity can be hard to judge, but is based upon ground color ranging from greenish white (immature) to creamy yellow (mature)[1]. Quality is also determined by the honeydew having a nearly spherical shape with a surface free of scars or defects. Also, a honeydew should feel heavy for its size and have a waxy (not fuzzy) surface. |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | After a dog follows Dewey to his home, he decides to hide it in the closet. When Malcolm and Reese find out, they decide to tell Hal and Lois after they return. The problem is that now with the dog, Dewey manages to control the brothers, and also, newly-arrived Craig. |
| Name: | cantaloupe |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Cantaloupe (also cantaloup, muskmelon or rockmelon) refers to two varieties of Cucumis melo [1], which is a species in the family Cucurbitaceae, which includes nearly all melons and squashes. Cantaloupes range in size from 0.5 kg to 5.0 kg. Originally cantaloupe referred only to the non-netted orange-fleshed melons of Europe; however, in more recent usage it has come to mean any orange-fleshed melon (C. melo). |
| Name: | oranges |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | An orange—specifically, the sweet orange—is the citrus Citrus ×sinensis (syn. Citrus aurantium L. var. dulcis L., or Citrus aurantium Risso) and its fruit. The orange is a hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo (Citrus maxima) and tangerine (Citrus reticulata).[2] It is a small flowering tree growing to about 10 m tall with evergreen leaves, which are arranged alternately, of ovate shape with crenulate margins and 4–10 cm long. The orange fruit is a hesperidium, a type of berry.
Oranges originated in Southeast Asia. The fruit of Citrus sinensis is called sweet orange to distinguish it from Citrus aurantium, the bitter orange. The name is thought to ultimately derive from the Sanskrit[3][4] for the orange tree, with its final form developing after passing through numerous intermediate languages. In a number of languages, it is known as a "Chinese apple" (e.g. Dutch Sinaasappel, "China's apple"). |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Francis receives a visit from Lois and Hal to celebrate his one-year anniversary of sobriety. However, when they attend one of his A.A. meetings, it's revealed that it was Lois who forced him to start drinking. Back home, Dewey finds Hal's spare key for his car and tries to get Malcolm and Reese to drive him to the arcade, but, of course, they refuse. |
| Name: | birthday cake |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | The birthday cake has been an integral part of the birthday celebrations in Western cultures since the middle of the 19th century. Certain rituals and traditions, such as singing of birthday songs, associated with birthday cakes are common to many Western cultures. The Western tradition of adding lit candles to the top of a birthday cake originates in 18th century Germany. However, the intertwining of cakes and birthday celebrations stretch back to the Ancient Romans. The development of the birthday cake has followed the development of culinary and confectionery advancement. While throughout most of Western history, these elaborate cakes in general were the privilege of the wealthy, birthday cakes are nowadays common to most Western birthday celebrations. Around the world many variations on the birthday cake, or rather the birthday pastry or sweets, exist. |
| Name: | cherries |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | The cherry is the fruit of many plants of the genus Prunus. It is a fleshy stone fruit. The cherry fruits of commerce are usually obtained from a limited number of species, including especially cultivars of the wild cherry, Prunus avium.
The name 'cherry', often as the compound term 'cherry tree', may also be applied to many other members of the genus Prunus, or to all members of the genus as a collective term. The fruits of many of these are not cherries, and have other common names, including plum, apricot, peach, and others. The name 'cherry' is also frequently used in reference to cherry blossom. |
| Name: | chocolate brownie |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | chocolate brownie is a flat, baked square or bar introduced in the United States at the end of the nineteenth century and popularized in both the U.S. and Canada during the first half of the twentieth century. The brownie is sliced from a type of dense, rich chocolate cake, which is, in texture, like a cross between a cake and a cookie.[1] Brownies come in a variety of forms. They are either fudgy or cakey, depending on their density, and they may include nuts, frosting, cream cheese, chocolate chips, or other ingredients. A variation that is made with brown sugar and no chocolate is called a blondie.
Brownies are common lunchbox fare, typically eaten by hand, and often accompanied by milk or coffee. They are sometimes served warm with ice cream (à la mode) or topped with whipped cream, especially in restaurants. |
| Name: | mangos |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae, of which Mangifera indica, or the common mango, is commonly cultivated and used for food. The mango is indigenous to India.[1] Cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions and distributed widely in the world, mango is one of the most extensively exploited fruits for food, juice, flavor, fragrance and color.
In several cultures, its fruit and leaves are ritually used as floral decorations at weddings, public celebrations and religious ceremonies. |
| Name: | kiwis |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | The kiwifruit, often shortened to kiwi in many parts of the world, is the edible berry of a cultivar group of the woody vine Actinidia deliciosa and hybrids between this and other species in the genus Actinidia. The Actinidia is native to North East Asia, particularly South China.
The most common cultivars of kiwifruit are oval, about the size of a large hen's egg (5–8 cm / 2–3 in long and 4.5–5.5 cm / 1¾–2 in diameter). It has a fibrous, dull brown-green skin and bright green or golden flesh with rows of tiny, black, edible seeds. The fruit has a soft texture and a unique flavour, and today is a commercial crop in several countries, mainly in Italy, China, and New Zealand. Also known as the Chinese gooseberry,[1] the fruit was renamed for export marketing reasons in the 1950s; briefly to melonette, and then by New Zealand exporters to kiwifruit. This latter name comes from the kiwi — a brown flightless bird and New Zealand's national symbol, and also a colloquial name for the New Zealand people. |
| Name: | types of chocolate |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Main article: Types of chocolate
A half beat of milk chocolate with salmiak filling by FazerSeveral types of chocolate can be distinguished. Pure, unsweetened chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions. Much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, combining chocolate with sugar. Milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. European rules specify a minimum of 25% total dry cocoa solids for Milk Chocolate.[25] "White chocolate" contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk but no cocoa solids. Chocolate contains alkaloids such as theobromine and phenethylamine, which have some physiological effects in humans, but the presence of theobromine renders it toxic to some animals, such as dogs and cats.[2] It has been linked to serotonin levels in the brain. Dark chocolate has been promoted[who?] for its health benefits, as it seems to possess substantial amount of antioxidants that reduce the formation of free radicals. White chocolate is formed from a mixture of sugar, cocoa butter and milk solids. Although its texture is similar to milk and dark chocolate, it does not contain any cocoa solids. Because of this, many countries do not consider white chocolate as chocolate at all.[26] Although first introduced by Hebert Candies in 1955, Mars, Incorporated was the first to produce white chocolate within the United States. Because it does not contain any cocoa solids, white chocolate does not contain any theobromine, meaning it can be consumed by animals. Dark chocolate is produced by adding fat and sugar to the cacao mixture. The U.S. Government calls this "sweet chocolate", and requires a 15% concentration of chocolate liquor. European rules specify a minimum of 35% cocoa solids.[25] Dark chocolate, with its high cocoa content, is a rich source of epicatechin and gallic acid, which are thought to possess cardioprotective properties. Dark chocolate has also been said to reduce the possibility of a heart attack when consumed regularly in small amounts.[27] Semisweet chocolate is a dark chocolate with a low sugar content. Bittersweet chocolate is chocolate liquor to which some sugar (typically a third), more cocoa butter, vanilla and sometimes lecithin have been added. It has less sugar and more liquor than semisweet chocolate, but the two are interchangeable in baking. Unsweetened chocolate is pure chocolate liquor, also known as bitter or baking chocolate. It is unadulterated chocolate: the pure, ground, roasted chocolate beans impart a strong, deep chocolate flavor. |
| Name: | nutrition and health of a peach |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | A medium peach (75 g), has 30 Cal, 7 g of carbohydrate (6 g sugars and 1 g fibre), 1 g of protein, 140 mg of potassium, and 8% of the daily value (DV) for vitamin C.[13]
As with many other members of the rose family, peach seeds contain cyanogenetic glycosides, including amygdalin (note the subgenus designation: Amygdalus). These substances are capable of decomposing into a sugar molecule and hydrogen cyanide gas. While peach seeds are not the most toxic within the rose family, that dubious honour going to the bitter almond, large doses of these chemicals from any source are hazardous to human health. Peach allergy or intolerance is a relatively common form of hypersensitivity to proteins contained in peaches and related fruit (almonds). Symptoms range from local symptoms (e.g. oral allergy syndrome, contact urticaria) to systemic symptoms including anaphylaxis (e.g. urticaria, angioedema, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms).[14] Adverse reactions are related to the "freshness" of the fruit: peeled or canned fruit may be tolerated. |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Perhaps the most original sitcom pilot in recent years, this first episode combines sharp writing with a hyperbolic camera style reminiscent of Parker Lewis Can't Lose. Malcolm introduces us to his world, dominated by omnipresent schoolyard bully Spath and made worse by his enforced friendship with Stevie, an asthmatic wheelchair genius. When a battery of tests reveals that Malcolm has an IQ of 165, he is moved into Stevie's special accelerated class, despite his protests that "around here being intelligent is exactly the same as being radioactive." On the bright side, Malcolm discovers a practical application for intelligence when he and Stevie spontaneously hit on a solution to Spath's persistent tyranny. |
| Name: | history of pizza |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Main article: History of pizza
The Ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils, herbs, and cheese. The Romans developed placenta, a sheet of flour topped with cheese and honey and flavored with bay leaves. Modern pizza originated in Italy as the Neapolitan pie with tomato. In 1889 cheese was added.[1] King Ferdinand I (1751–1825) is said to have disguised himself as a commoner and, in clandestine fashion, visited a poor neighborhood in Naples. One story has it that he wanted to sink his teeth into a food that the queen had banned from the royal court—pizza.[2] |
| Name: | history of grapes |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | The domestication of purple grapes originated in what is now southern Turkey. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics record the cultivation of purple grapes, and history attests to the ancient Greeks, Phoenicians and Romans growing purple grapes for both eating and wine production. Later, the growing of grapes spread to Europe, North Africa, and eventually North America.
Native purple grapes belonging to the Vitis genus proliferated in the wild across North America, and were a part of the diet of many North American first peoples, but were considered by European colonists to be unsuitable for wine. The first Old World Vitis vinifera purple grapes were cultivated in California where Spain had established a series of monasteries along the coasts to supply their navies with oranges to prevent scurvy and convert natives. |
| Name: | history of the cherry |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Etymology and antiquity
The native range of the wild cherry extends through most of Europe, and the fruit has been consumed through its range since prehistoric times. A cultivated cherry is recorded as having been brought to Rome from northeastern Anatolia, also known as the Pontus region, in 72 BC.[1] A form of cherry was introduced into England at Tyneham, near Sittingbourne in Kent by order of Henry VIII, who had tasted them in Flanders.[2][3][4] The English word cherry, French cerise, Spanish cereza all come from the Classical Greek (êÝñáóïò) through the Latin cerasum, thus the ancient Roman place name Cerasus, from which the cherry was first exported to Europe.[5] |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | After the kids blow up the store's steam cleaner, and Dewey confesses to stealing a $150 bottle of cognac, Lois's firing prompts household economizing to an extent that causes Malcolm mortifying embarrassment at school: Julie organizes a food-drive for his family. When Hal winds up in emergency with acute botulism as a result, Lois must re-think her position against apologizing to her odious boss, Mr. Pinter. Meanwhile, Francis thinks he's died and gone to heaven when he's assigned honor-guard duty at a Teenage Miss Alabama beauty pageant -- until he discovers that all the girls think he's gay. |
| Name: | mangos |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Mangos are good for the heart |
| Name: | apples |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Apples have fiber |
| Name: | cherries |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | cherries are red |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Hal is invited by Abe to go to play poker, but he is embarrassed with Abe's friends because he is not a professional. As a result, Abe and Hal decide to fight against each other in a poker showdown, with the help of their genius kids. Meanwhile, Lois takes Reese to dancing lessons, where he begins to make big money, but when he insults Dewey, he decides to get revenge. And in Alaska, Francis is turning mad for a piece of rope in a blizzard that traps him in a hut. |
| Name: | Anne |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Pork has worms in it. |
| Name: | from tv.com |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | Malcolm struggles with his speech when he's elected valedictorian of his graduating class at school. However, Lois refuses to listen to any of his complaints and reveals that she wants him to become President of the United States. Meanwhile, Reese does everything he can to get a permanent job as a high school janitor, which includes creating the most disgusting mess ever. In the meantime, Hal has problems with Malcolm's Harvard tuition, while Francis finally gets a real 9-5 job that he actually enjoys. Also returning for the family celebrations is Grandma Ida, as they all say goodbye to Malcolm when he leaves for college. |
| Name: | anonymous |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | test |
| Name: | anonymous |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | test |
| Name: | delete |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Name: | watermelon |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | watermelon |
| Name: | anonymous |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | delete |
| Name: | test |
| Homepage URL: | http:// |
| Comments: | test |